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Deed of settlement or "patta"




                              
India is one of the fastest growing developing countries in the world. As we see that its GDP growth rate is growing year after year. But is India developed with its growing economy? This is one of the big questions. Development of a country not only depends on its GDP growth rate. Development means total economic and social structural growth of an economy like health, education, sanitation, fertility rate, mortality rate etc.

As India belongs to mixed economy structure a largest portion of its percapita income enjoy a smallest portion of people. So a large portion of people suffering a miserable situation without having proper food, education and health. This creates a massive difference between the upper and lower portion of society.

The higher income group of society   holding a large portion of land while most of the lower income group unable to secure their day today meal. This creates a black shadow on India’s GDP growth rate. To eradicate this type of shadow proper distribution of land consider an important steps to secure the minimum income and rehabilitation of this vulnerable people. As we know the importance of land in under developed countries.

Now a family get the ownership of land in four ways 1) Through warison certificate 2) If s/he purchases the land.3) gifted land 4) through the land reform.

The rural tenant, share cropper, carpenter, laborer are actually works on others land generation after generation .So they have not their own land. A family of a share copper does not able to claim these land after the death of the share copper ,where the share cropper spend his whole life. To secure this type of land less family and tribal family land reform took significant steps.

In the post of independence through land reform Indian Government abolish the Zamindari ,Mahalwari and Rayotwari system and implement the ceiling of land holding. Government took this extra land which is upper portion of the ceiling through proper legal action.



This large portion of land which government gets through ceiling of land is known as special land. The portion of land which arises on the bank of the river side is also considered as a special land and government is the owner of this land. Government distributes this special land as per the need of the landless people with proper paper and settlement, this is known as “deed of settlement” or patta. Government has given this patta for agriculture and living purpose. The tribal community who are living in the forest area and inhabitant in this area are eligible to get forest patta for agriculture and living. Government also gives patta for settlement of the vulnerable, vagabond and refuges family.
Land is a productive capital and to secure the minimum food security government arrange this type of procedure. Landless poor farmer, share cropper, tenant, laborer ,fishermen, carpenter who have not their own land for survival are eligible to get patta as per the rule of the government with proper papers. Government gives patta on the name of the both husband and wife. In case where woman is the head of the family patta has given in her name also. Patta beneficiary can’t eligible to sell this special land as per the rule. If patta beneficiary have no child then the land automatically transferred in the name of the government after their death. Otherwise they can enjoy the ownership of their land through generation.

Some time government buys land to give patta for those families who live in the area where there is no special land in the name of the government. It has been observed that in rural area women are the main workforce in agriculture sector, though we ignore their presence .In present situation government try to distribute this did of settlement in the name of the women member of the family.a This action will also enforce the women empowerment of the society and secure their ownership.
Distributions of land are the first part of filling the gap and secure minimum needs of this family. But proper use of this land is an essential matter in this respect. Government and different N.G.O’s arrange different training programs to give basic information about land related issues. So proper information and use of land is essential part to eradicate this type of gap and boost up our economy towards development.



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